Hmmm... I use Linux Mint and I was able to choose the size of the Windows partition and the Linux Mint partition. I guess I was wrong to think that Linux's descendant Android can do the same thing.
You represent a reasonable Linux user - you know what you're doing and you've probably had no trouble burning down an installation and starting over.
Android is locked the way it is to serve the masses.
For a few examples - "I found the trash bin, it's a folder under /system. I couldn't find a way to empty it, so I deleted it. Now my phone doesn't work. Why does Android suck? I'm going to make them give me a new one." (yeah, /system/bin)
"I installed a custom recovery because I wanted to make my phone run faster. I guess I accidentally erased all of the partitions I could find. Does anyone know why my phone won't boot? Is Android really this lame?"
"I rooted my phone, erased some stuff and now my phone doesn't work. How do I fix it?"
"I checked the Internet and found that I needed to edit my build.prop - I followed the instructions exactly. What do I install to stop my phone from bootlooping?"
Those examples are neither made up, rare, nor uncommon.
The need to enforce a known configuration to make normal user support possible is well established and proven true repeatedly every day.
So - Android devices are strictly fixed configurations until you root and even then you can't do everything.
And please trust me even though I'm at a loss for a proper reference for proof - apps in /system inherently gain an additional root permission. Despite bloatware working there, you really don't want to assume that /system is just an area that you can use for any old app.
Wait - found the reference.
http://www.cs.cuhk.hk/~cslui/PUBLICATION/ASIACCS2014DROIDRAY.pdf