Or wipe the cache partition (from recovery mode, if the option exists for this phone, and only cache, nothing else).
Is it like this all the time, or only on the home screens? I'm going to assume the latter for the moment.
Are you using a third party launcher, as some of those have the option to hide the status bar. I don't think the stock Samsung launcher does (I don't use it, but searching my phone's settings for "status" produces nothing relevant).
I'm pretty sure this isn't normal for Samsung's version of Android 12, though as I use Nova launcher instead of Samsung's thing I'm not expert in Samsung launcher settings.