If you're talking about the wall charger that comes with the phone, it's just a 5V power supply to bring power into the phone via the USB connector. The charging circuit is part of the phone and is smart enough not to overcharge the battery. Any USB source will work the same way; when the battery icon shows that the charge is complete, it won't get charged any further than is needed to keep it topped off.
The battery is Lithium-Ion and isn't anywhere near as prone to developing a memory as NiCd and NiMH were.
--Mark