I'm not interested in a flagship model, only something for very basic backup use. So I'm interested in real world practical experience on phones with 512Mb ram running a recent 4.x OS.
Android does preload apps. So the 600Mb might probably also contain apps which you aren't using even for a stripped down Android OS without any vendor customisations, or did you tweak the OS yourself to disable preloading?
I just found some hardware req docs from Android and it looks like 4.4 requires more memory but still quite modest 340Mb for kernel+userspace and 1Gb for non volatile storage.