To be honest, I don't exactly know the state of your laptop enough to determine what you need to do to get linux on it. There's a specific method that dates back to 2014 to get linux onto my Acer C720 (a very obsolete chromebook) but I am unsure if it is the same process as yours. I don't think you can boot an installer from USB or SD and get it to work, though as they're not fully x86 compatible otherwise you'd have people putting stuff like Windows or making Hackintoshes out of them because they're cheap.
But I will state one fact. Linux on a Chromebook is an extremely painful thing to use. It's going to feel a lot like an i486 running Windows 98 SE with only 4MB of RAM. I can't think of a comparison that might make sense for you, but I hope you understand what I'm getting at. With my Acer, it meant the fan was running full hilt all the time (reducing battery life and making the machine run extremely hot), and just having more than one tab open in Firefox would either freeze the system up or lag it all to heck, or worse, would kernel panic (the Linux version of a BSoD). I couldn't watch YouTube on it without downgrading the video quality to 240p, and couldn't browse some sites without it freezing or crashing. That was in 2014. It'd be far, far worse today.
I don't recall the exact method to get Linux on it again, (why would I want to?), but it had something to do with a certain key combo to get a "crox" shell, and typing in a bunch of long strings to reboot it into some form of recovery, to get a proper bash terminal, then installing Linux over the internet by typing in more long cryptic terminal commands. You would end up with a basic edition of Ubuntu 14.04 at the time, with a Gnome DE and some apps like Firefox and LibreOffice preinstalled.