I use the free "Our Groceries" app to sync "To Do" lists and shopping lists between my phone, laptop, & desktop PCs. (PC access is from a web page.) But that doesn't integrate with Outlook--and Outlook/Exchange is awesome for tying your tasks to the calendar, assigning them to coworkers, etc. So (if you can't get Samsung's "Kies" program to work) you may want to look at one of the free or premium Outlook task-syncing options that are available from Microsoft (which is probably the best option if money is no object) and other 3rd party providers. The following website lists most (if not all) such options in a convenient grid, with reviews of each product.
Some products (like Gsyncit, which is well-regarded, and which I've used) synchronize through the Gmail servers and sync automatically.
Some products (like CompanionLink, which is well-regarded) synchronize through proprietary cloud servers and sync automatically.
Some products (like the free MyPhoneExplorer) synchronize manually either by USB or WiFi on the same LAN.
FYI: In the grid, the header "Wireless" means that it syncs over your phone's data connection.
Good luck!
Sync Android/Droid with Outlook/Exchange
P.S. Just an FYI, in case you're wondering why Google (Android) doesn't provide a nice, built-in option for synchronization with Outlook (which is, IMHO, the best piece of software Microsoft ever wrote, and the world's best, most-commonly-used, corporate defacto-standard PIM software).... Strategically Google wants to convert everybody from Microsoft Office to Google's (crappier) suite of Google Docs & Gmail so Google does nothing to make life easier for Outlook users.