The radio requires more power to transmit. Is the OS taxed more, probably not much. These are probably recorded under android OS, but I'm not 100 percent positive, but that does make sense.
For example, in a laptop with wifi... are you going to be able to see if wifi is struggling with transmission and consuming a large amount of power? Probably not, there are usually low level calls to see this on an OS. Again, I think that it's reported in android os in the battery app, but I would have to confirm.
Yes, I'm an engineer, and yes, linux is a specialty. I just haven't taken a deep dive into these phones yet. Cursory, yes.
edit: google cpu schedulers and processor affinity if you want to read stuff that nobody cares about, lol.