I use simply adb, this is the easiest.
Extract the SDK from :
Android SDK | Android Developers
then run android as suggested in readme and install the Tools/Android SDK tools.
After that, switch the phone to developers mode (I don't know where exactly the option is, it's in Settings and it's named "USB degugging" or "Development mode" or something like that). After that, if you connect the phone, run "adb" from Android_sdk/platform_tools
"./adb" will give you the help
to copy files, use "./adb pull <remote> [<local>]"
to access the phone, try "./adb shell", you'll be able to browse the phone directly (of course no gui)
I had some trouble setting up the connection on openSuse, had to scan for the phone "./adb devices" as root. If something doesn't work, try to rescan it as root or restart the PC.