I'm guessing you can't connect your phone at work because of some IT limits on your work PCs that prevent connecting outside devices....
As for alternatives, there are many. A cloud service is your best bet. Try box or dropbox. Both have apps and offer free storage online. You can simply backup all of your photos to your cloud service and then once you've wiped your phone you can reinstall the app and download your photos to your phone. As mentioned, if you have WiFi you can use an app like airdroid to connect your PC wirelessly to your phone and copy the photos that way.
As for emails, if you are using Gmail, the messages are all online. If you are using exchange for work, your messages are presumably still on your work server. All other email providers will depend on how you have them configured. Unless you are using a POP access setup, the messages should be synced to most accounts and not stored locally.
As for texts, you'll want to search the market but I believe there are several apps that allow you to backup your texts. Once you've backed them up, you can copy that file to the same cloud service you used for your photos.