I have a 12" Samsung business tablet, running Android 5.02.
Aah. Okay. Let me relate a little story. Last year I was having periodic internet outages at home. I thought it was my ISP so I complained. They started monitoring my connection and told me I was maxing out my bandwidth and that it might be from some malware. So I shut everything off and one-by-one turned it all back on. When I booted my Galaxy Note 10.1 (running 5.1.1) it pinned the needle, as it were. When I looked at the data user it, too was Android OS, basically because wifi connections are handled through the Android services (since it's a resource shared by virtually every connected app).
What I had done without thinking about it was to insert an external 16GB that had several folders of old family photos that I have got from my brother as well as a few episodes of Star Trek (don't judge me
) that pretty much consumed all the available space on the card. I just wanted to watch one of the episodes while I was working. What was going on was that on my phone, I had settings where all media gets sync'ed to my Google account and somehow those settings were transferred to my tablet. It must have been when I factory reset and restored from the cloud. In any case, because of where Samsung/TouchWiz mounts an external sd card, every media file was put in the queue to sync.
My Google account is just the basic account which means you get 10 GB of cloud storage. But, my tablet was trying to sync about 15 GB to my account which already contained 5 or so. So, as a file would try to sync to the cloud, the upload would fail because of space, and because I had notifications turned off for sync (because who really want's to be annoyed with repetitive messages?) I didn't know it was happening. I was just fortunate that this was a WiFi-only tablet, or I could have easily burnt through my mobile data in a day.
As soon as I told the tablet not to sync the external SD card, everything was fine. I suspect something similar is happening with you. Finding it might be might not be that easy, but it could be narrowed down. If I remember correctly, in case you want to look, the setting for syncing media was turned on with G+ but managed with Google Photos>settings>backup & sync>backup device folders. This is NOT the same as the sync under your Google account in settings>accounts which is why i missed it.
It is not an inherent fault with Android, but a convergence of settings that make your, or anyone else's, device behave in an unexpected way. I'd also have to say that this is not the norm, or even very common at all. While it does come up from time to time, in a forum with over a million members we'd be hearing this much more frequently if it was common. Sure, you can search for it and come up with hundreds of hits ... or even thousands. At last year Google claimed to have 1.4 billion active users worldwide, so even 10 thousand is a minuscule percentage. It just sucks to be one of that group.