Hmm, I guess you could turn off "other" and see what happens. My guess is that it won't affect anything important (i.e. anything that fits those other categories).
The real problem will be if these things are Android System notifications, as your first post suggested, since it probably won't let you hide all notifications from that. On my phone there are many, many categories of notification under that one, so I wonder why it shows nothing for yours?
If nothing else works I'd be inclined to try turning Teams notifications off and see whether that makes any difference (it may not if Teams is causing something else to generate the warnings). Then sure, I'd be inclined to make it their problem: leave it on their desk for them to experience and tell them you'll take it back when they've fixed it, not before, and meanwhile inform your manager that IT have screwed your phone up and so you'll be without it until they sort it out. But as an academic I may have a bit more autonomy in such things than some employers would allow.